1. Effects of Shielding Adenoviral Vectors with Polyethylene Glycol on ...
In this paper, we examined the ability of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to shield Ad5-based vectors from immune responses in the context of both systemic and ...
Many individuals have been previously exposed to human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5). This prior immunity has long been known to hinder its use for gene therapy and as a gene-based vaccine. Given these immunogenicity problems, we have tested whether ...
2. Expression library immunization to discover and improve vaccine ...
Genetic immunization is a novel method for vaccination in which DNA is delivered into the host to drive both cellular and humoral immune responses against ...
Genetic immunization is a novel method for vaccination in which DNA is delivered into the host to drive both cellular and humoral immune responses against its protein product. While genetic immunization can be potent, it requires that one have, in hand, a gene that encodes a protective protein antigen. Therefore, for many diseases, one cannot make a genetic vaccine because no protective antigen is known or no gene for this antigen is available. This lack of candidate antigens and their genes is a considerable bottleneck in developing new vaccines against old infectious agents, new emerging pathogens, and bioweapons. To address this limitation, we developed expression library immunization (ELI) as a high-throughput technology to discover vaccine candidate genes at will, by using the immune system to screen the entire genome of a pathogen for vaccine candidate. To date, ELI has discovered new vaccine candidates from a diverse set of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic pathogens. In addition, the process of applying ELI to the genome of pathogens allows one to genetically re-engineer these antigens to convert immunoevasive pathogen proteins into immunostimulatory vaccine antigens. Therefore, ELI is a potent technology to discover new vaccines and also generate genomic vaccines with amplified, multivalent immunostimulatory capacities.
3. [PDF] Public health guidance on screening and vaccination of migrants in the ...
This guidance document covers key infectious diseases selected by an ad hoc scientific panel: active tuberculosis. (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI), HIV, ...
4. BIOLOGICAL AGENTS Genetic Vaccination: Can Plasmid DNA ...
The ELI approach was first described by Barry et al38 who applied the technique to protect mice against Mycoplasma pulmonis. ... Andersson AC, Sandstrom E, Wahren ...
VACCINES ARE EFFECTIVE AT protecting not only individuals but also communities. In the last fifty years, global immunisation programs have developed such strong “herd immunity” that some diseases, e.g. smallpox and polio, have been effectively eliminated. Currently, in terms of commercially available vaccines, the traditional methods of vaccine development are still leading the attack against... Read more »
5. T Cell Response in Tuberculosis-Infected Patients ...
We sought to compare the T cell response of COVID-19-non-vaccinated and -vaccinated patients with active tuberculosis exposed to SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
Many studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) co-infection consequences. However, after a vaccination plan against COVID-19, the cases of severe disease and death are consistently controlled, although cases of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 still happen together with tuberculosis (TB) cases. Thus, in this context, we sought to compare the T cell response of COVID-19-non-vaccinated and -vaccinated patients with active tuberculosis exposed to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Flow cytometry was used to analyze activation markers (i.e., CD69 and CD137) and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNFα, IL-17, and IL-10) levels in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells upon exposure to SARS-CoV-2 peptides. The data obtained showed that CD8+ T cells from non-vaccinated TB patients present a high frequency of CD69 and TNF-α after viral challenge compared to vaccinated TB donors. Conversely, CD4+ T cells from vaccinated TB patients show a high frequency of IL-10 after spike peptide stimulus compared to non-vaccinated patients. No differences were observed in the other parameters analyzed. The results suggest that this reduced immune balance in coinfected individuals may have consequences for pathogen control, necessitating further research to understand its impact on clinical outcomes after COVID-19 vaccination in those with concurrent SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb infections.
6. Vaccines, DNA | NIH Tetramer Core Facility - Emory University
Vaccines, DNA. Breadcrumb. Home. MP Velders, S Weijzen, GL Eiben, AG Elmishad, PM ... HA Andersson, MA Barry. (2004) " Maximizing antigen targeting to the ...
MP Velders, S Weijzen, GL Eiben, AG Elmishad, PM Kloetzel, T Higgins, RB Ciccarelli, M Evans, S Man, L Smith, WM Kast. (2001) " Defined flanking spacers and enhanced proteolysis is essential for eradication of established tumors by an epitope string DNA vaccine. " J Immunol 166. 5366-73 PMID: 11313372 | Abstract and Keywords
7. “Communicate to vaccinate”: the development of a taxonomy of ...
11 mei 2013 · 006. Article PubMed Google Scholar. Stacey D, Bennett C, Barry ... Anderson TA: Medicine for a sick immunization system. Minn Med. 1993 ...
Vaccination is a cost-effective public health measure and is central to the Millennium Development Goal of reducing child mortality. However, childhood vaccination coverage remains sub-optimal in many settings. While communication is a key feature of vaccination programmes, we are not aware of any comprehensive approach to organising the broad range of communication interventions that can be delivered to parents and communities to improve vaccination coverage. Developing a classification system (taxonomy) organised into conceptually similar categories will aid in: understanding the relationships between different types of communication interventions; facilitating conceptual mapping of these interventions; clarifying the key purposes and features of interventions to aid implementation and evaluation; and identifying areas where evidence is strong and where there are gaps. This paper reports on the development of the ‘Communicate to vaccinate’ taxonomy. The taxonomy was developed in two stages. Stage 1 included: 1) forming an advisory group; 2) searching for descriptions of interventions in trials (CENTRAL database) and general health literature (Medline); 3) developing a sampling strategy; 4) screening the search results; 5) developing a data extraction form; and 6) extracting intervention data. Stage 2 included: 1) grouping the interventions according to purpose; 2) holding deliberative forums in English and French with key vaccination stakeholders to gather feedback; 3) cond...
8. Genetic Vaccination as a Flexible Tool to Overcome the Immunological ...
Barry, M. A., Howell, D. P. G., Andersson, H. A., Chen, J. L., and Singh, R. A. K. (2004). Expression library immunization to discover and improve vaccine ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted genetic vaccination as a powerful and cost-effective tool to counteract infectious diseases. Invasive fungal infections...
9. DC-based cancer vaccines - JCI
1 mei 2007 · ... vaccinated with DCs matured using TNF and a follow-up clinical ... Barry, M.A., Howell, D.P., Andersson, H.A., Chen, J.L., Singh, R.A. 2004.
The era of ex vivo DC vaccines was ushered in by the pioneering work of Inaba, Steinman, and colleagues, demonstrating that mouse DCs can be cultured ex vivo from bone marrow precursors (6). In a similar fashion, human DCs can be generated in culture from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors and, more commonly, from peripheral blood–derived monocytes (reviewed in refs. 7–9). For cancer vaccination, the goal is to generate ex vivo a population of antigen-loaded DCs that stimulates robust and long-lasting CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in the patient with cancer, with the emphasis on “long-lasting”. What seems to be the rate-limiting step at present is the inability to fully recapitulate ex vivo the development of immunocompetent DCs, in particular the process of DC activation. In what is undoubtedly an oversimplification, DC activation can be divided into two stages (Figure 1). In the periphery, quiescent (immature) DCs undergo a maturation process in response to inflammatory stimuli originating from pathogens (pathogen-associated molecular patterns [PAMPs]) or from dying cells, collectively referred to as “danger signals” or “danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)” (10). One important consequence of the maturation process is that DCs acquire the capacity to home to lymph nodes. DCs receiving the appropriate maturation stimuli upregulate expression of CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) and become responsive to CC chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) and CCL21, chemoattractants produced in...
10. Expression library immunization to discover and improve vaccine ...
Expression library immunization to discover and improve vaccine antigens. Michael A. Barry, Dasein P.G. Howell, Helen A. Andersson, Jiang Li Chen, Rana A.K. ...
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11. Protection against mycoplasma infection using expression-library ...
19 okt 1995 · Protection against mycoplasma infection using expression-library immunization. Michael A. Barry,; Wayne C. Lai &; Stephen Albert Johnston.
AS is evident from the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, there is no systematic method for producing a vaccine. Genetic immunization1is a new approach to vaccine production that has many of the advantages of live/attenuated pathogens but no risk of infection. It involves introducing DNA encoding a pathogen protein into host cells and has shown promise in several disease models2á¤-13. Here we describe a new method for vaccine development, expression-library immunization, which makes use of the technique of genetic immunization and the fact that all the antigens of a pathogen are encoded in its DNA. An expression library of pathogen DNA is used to immunize a host thereby producing the effects of antigen presentation of a live vaccine without the risk. We show that even partial expression libraries made from the DNA of Mycoplasma pulmonis, a natural pathogen in rodents, provide protection against challenge from the pathogen. Expression library immunization may prove to be a general method for vaccination against any pathogen.